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myths arise and the vigor with which they are   Energy from Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat, and Alcohol, by Gender and Age, in the United States, 2007-
               promulgated to the public, it is important for   2008 http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/12355000/pdf/0708/Table_5_EIN_GEN_07.pdf
                                                            Accessed December 29, 2011.
               us not to create our own equal and opposite   4.   Keys A. Atherosclerosis: a problem in newer public health. J Mt Sinai Hosp NY. 1953;20(2):118-39.
                                                            Kinsell LW, et al. Dietary modification of serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels. J Clin Endocrinol.
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               myths. We should keep in mind that traditional   Metab. 1952;12(7):909-13.
               diets varied widely in their fat and carbohydrate   6.   Ahrens EH Jr., et al..Effect on human serum lipids of substituting plant for animal fat in diet. Proc Soc
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               person, and from one stage of life to another.   8.   Dietary fat and its relation to heart attacks and strokes: report by the Central Committee for Medical
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               Any health-promoting component of the diet,   9.   The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of coronary
                                                            heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA. 1984;251(3):365-74.
               including animal fat, can become harmful if it   10.  Wallis C, Crook C, Delaney P, Gribben S. Hold the Eggs and Butter. Time magazine. March 26, 1984.
               displaces other health-promoting components. It   11.   Harris WS, et al. Omega-6 fatty acids and risk for cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the
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               some circumstances may benefit by reducing   12.  Rose GA, et al. Corn oil in treatment of ischaemic heart disease. Br Med J. Jun 12 1965;1(5449):1531-
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               their intakes of animal fat and increasing their   13.   Controlled trial of soya-bean oil in myocardial infarction. Lancet. Sep 28 1968;2(7570):693-699.
               intakes of other traditional foods. We should thus   14.  Woodhill JM, et al. Low fat, low cholesterol diet in secondary prevention of CHD. Adv Exp Med Biol.
                                                            1978;109:317-330.
               beware of promoting any “correct” amount of   15.   Bierenbaum ML, et al. Modified-fat dietary management of the young male with CD. A five-year report.
               animal fat to consume. We should instead look   JAMA. Dec 25 1967;202(13):1119-1123.
               upon the earth’s menu of natural, traditional   16.  Frantz ID, Jr., et al. Test of effect of lipid lowering by diet on cardiovascular risk. Minnesota Coronary
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               foods without fear, and choose those foods we   17.   Dayton S, et al. A Controlled Clinical Trial of a Diet High in Unsaturated Fat in Preventing Complica-
                                                            tions of Atherosclerosis. Circulation. 1969;150(1 Suppl 2):II-1-II-2.
               need and enjoy in freedom.                18.  Bierenbaum ML, et al. Ten-year experience of modified-fat diets on younger men with coronary heart-
                                                            disease. Lancet. 1973;1(7817):1404-7.
                                                         19.   Pearce ML and Dayton S.Incidence of Cancer in Men on a Diet High in Polyunsaturated Fat. Lancet.
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               Chris Masterjohn is a frequent contributor to   20.  Dayton S, et al. Vitamin E Status of Humans During Prolonged Feeding of Unsaturated Fats. J Lab
               Wise Traditions and the creator and maintainer   Clin Med. 1965;65:739-47.
               of Cholesterol-And-Health.Com, a website dedi-  21.   NutritionData: know what you eat. Butter, without salt. http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts/dairy-and-
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               cated to extolling the virtues of cholesterol and   22.   Searles SK, et al. Vitamin E, Vitamin A, and Carotene Contents of Alberta Butter. J Dairy Sci.
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               lications published in peer-reviewed journals: a   24.   Mann NJ, et al. Arachidonic Acid Content of the Australian Diet Is Lower than Previously Estimated.
                                                            J Nutr. 1995;125:2528-35.
               letter in the Journal of the American College of   25.  Sears B. The Zone Diet. HarperCollins, 1995.
               Cardiology criticizing the conclusions of a study   26.   Burr GO, Burr MM. A New Deficiency Disease Produced by the Rigid Exclusion of Fat From the Diet.
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               on saturated fat, a letter in the American Heart   27.  Turpeinen O. Further Studies on the Unsaturated Fatty Acids Essential in Nutrition.  J Nutr.
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               Journal arguing that safety trials of cholesterol   28.   Newberry RD, Stenson WF, Lorenz RG. Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites are
                                                            essential modulators of the intestinal immune response to dietary antigen. Nat Med. 1999;5(8):900-6
               ester transfer protein inhibitors should test the   29.  D'Arienzo R, Stefanile R, Maurano F, Luongo D, Bergamo P, Mazzarella G, Troncone R, Auricchio S,
               effect of these drugs on vitamin E metabolism, a   David C, Rossi M. A deregulated immune response to gliadin causes a decreased villus height in DQ8
                                                            transgenic mice. Eur J Immunol. 2009;39(12):3552-61.
               full-length hypothesis paper published in Medi-  30.   Chan MM, Moore AR. Resolution of Inflammation in Murine Autoimmune Arthritis Is Disrupted by
               cal Hypotheses about the molecular mechanism   Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition and Restored by Prostaglandin E2-Mediated Lipoxin A4 Production. J
                                                            Immunol. 2010;184(11):6418-6426.
               of vitamin D toxicity, a pilot study published in   31.  Agrawal R, Daniel EE. Control of gap junction formation in canine trachea by arachidonic acid me-
                                                            tabolites. Am J Physiol. Mar 1986;250(3 Pt 1):C495-505.
               the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry sug-  32.   Civitelli R, Ziambaras K, Warlow PM, et al. Regulation of connexin43 expression and function by
               gesting that vitamin E protects against some   prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in osteoblastic cells. J Cell Biochem. Jan 1
                                                            1998;68(1):8-21.
               of the negative effects of sugar consumption in   33.  Blikslager AT, Roberts MC, Rhoads JM, Argenzio RA. Prostaglandins I2 and E2 have a synergistic
               humans, and a review in Nutrition Reviews on   role in rescuing epithelial barrier function in porcine ileum. J Clin Invest. Oct 15 1997;100(8):1928-1933
               nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Chris holds a   34.   du Pre MF, Samson JN. Adaptive T-cell responses regulating oral tolerance to protein antigen. Allergy.
                                                            2011;66(4):478-90.
               Bachelor's degree in History and is currently a   35.   Banneberg G, Serhan CN. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in the inflammatory response: An
                                                            update. Biochim Biopys Acta. 2010; 1801(12):1260-73.
               doctoral candidate in Nutritional Sciences at the   36.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines
                                                            for Americans 2010. www.dietaryguidelines.gov. Accessed December 30, 2012.
               University of Connecticut.                37.   Bruno RS, Leonard SW, Park SI, Zhao Y, Traber MG. Human vitamin E requirements assessed with the
                                                            use of apples fortified with deuterium-labeled alpha-tocopheryl acetate. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83(2):299-
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               22                                         Wise Traditions                                 SPRING 2012                    SPRING 2012                                Wise Traditions





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